Ɔmampanin baako a ɛsono sɛdeɛ Ghanani biara nim no, ne Ɔmampanin Rawlings. Ebinom ka sɛ ɔyɛ ɔmampanin a ne nnwuma pa boa maa Ghana tumi faa ne ntoma pa furaeɛ. Ebinom nso susu sɛ, ɔyɛɛ Ghanafoɔ bɔne bebree senee papa a ɔyɛeɛ. Nanso sɛdeɛ ɛteɛ biara, ɛnnɛ adesua yi bɛboa yɛn ama yɛahunu no yie.
Wɔwoo Jerry John Rawlings, Ayɛwohomumɔ 22, 1947 mu. Ɛfiri afe 1970 mu hɔ reba nyinaa, Rawlings adi akotene wɔ Ghana amanyɔsɛm mu yie pa ara. Ɔne n’asraafoɔ bɛdii ɔman no so afe 1979 mu, ɛnna ɔsan bɛyɛɛ ɔmampanin firi 1981 kɔsi 2000.
Saa mmerɛ yinom nyinaa mu no, na ɛsono sɛdeɛ onipa biara bu Rawlings wɔ Ghana ɛfiri sɛ, na ebinom susu sɛ ɔmfa mmra nyɛ adwuma sɛdeɛ ɛsɛ, nanso na dodoɔ no ara nso bu no sɛ onipa a ɔde atɛntenenee ne nnyinasosɛma a ɛfata yɛ adwuma.
J. J. Rawlings firii aseɛ de ne ho gyee Ghana amanyɔsɛm mu wɔ afe 1979 mu. Saa berɛ no, na ekuo bi a wɔfrɛ wɔn Supreme Military Council (SMC) a ɛkyerɛ Asraafo Badwa Kunini no na na wɔdi ɔman no so. Na saa badwa yi nneyɛɛ resɛe ɔman no sikasɛm. Wɔde wɔn ho hyehyɛɛ kɛtɛasehyɛ ne dwirimdie bebree mu maa ntɛnkyea ne korɔnobɔ bɛbuu so wɔ ɔman no mu.
Asraafo Amanneɛbɔfoɔ Panin bi a na ɔwɔ hɔ saa berɛ no kaa sɛ, “Na abofuo ahyɛ asraafoɔ no ma ɛsiane akannifoɔ no suban nti.” Asɛm yi nti, Rawlings ne asraafoɔ akuo binom dii nkitaho hwɛɛ sɛdeɛ wɔbɛtumi agye tumidie afiri SMC no nsam. Wɔn mmɔdemmɔ a ɛdi kan sɛ anka wɔbɛgye tumidie afiri ekuo yi nsam wɔ Kɔtɔnima 15, 1979 mu no anyɛ yie.
Ɛbaa saa no, wɔde Rawlings bɛgyinaa ɔmanfoɔ no nyinaa anim sɛ wɔrebɛbu no atɛn. Berɛ a ɔno nso hunuu saa no, ɔfaa saa akwannya no so kyerɛkyerɛɛ subammɔne a SMC no reda no adi no nyinaa mu kyerɛɛ ɔmanfoɔ no. Ne nkyerɛkyerɛmu ne sɛdeɛ ɔpaa SMC no subammɔne ho ntoma no maa asraafoɔ a wɔhyɛ SMC ase no nyinaa bɛdii Rawlings akyi. Ɛno nti, Ayɛwohomumɔ 4, 1979 mu no, Rawlings firii afiase ne asraafoɔ no kaa wɔn ho boom gyee tumidie no firii SMC no nsam. Ɛno akyi na ɔbɛtee Armed Forced Revolutionary Council (AFRC) a ɛkyerɛ Asraafoɔ a Wɔdane Ɔman Ani Hyehyɛ no Foforɔ Badwa.
Berɛ a Rawlings ne n’asraafoɔ gyee tumidie no wieeɛ no, AFRC no de yɛɛ ne botaeɛ sɛ ɛbɛko atia kalabule ne kɛtɛasehyɛ biara a na ɛrekɔ so wɔ ɔman no mu. Yei nam so maa wɔkumm asraafoɔ nwɔtwe binom a na aman mpanimfoɔ binom ka ho. Ɛno ne berɛ a ɛdi kan a na wɔakum aman mpanimfoɔ binom a wɔadi bɔne wɔ ɔman no mu.
Nnipa mmienu a wɔdii kan kum wɔn no ne General I.K. Acheampong ne ɔpanin a na ɔda wɔn a wɔhwɛ ɔman no ahyeɛ so ano, Owura Utuka. Ɔmanfoɔ dodoɔ no ara penee wɔn wuo no so, na akuo ahodoɔ a wɔko ma nkurɔfoɔ fawohodie no mu hiara nso nni hɔ a ɛtoo ntasuo too fam. Yei kyerɛ sɛ na wɔn bɔne no afono ɔmanfoɔ no.
Rawlings ne AFRC no tumidie yɛɛ sononko firii akannifoɔ a na wɔaba kɔ no deɛ ho. Akannifoɔ dada no deɛ, na wɔgye di sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde tumidie ne ɔman no mu gyinaeɛsie nyinaa hyɛ asraafoɔ nsa. Nanso Rawlings deɛ, ɔkaa sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔma kwan ma ɔmanfoɔ no sisi gyinaeɛ dodoɔ no ara wɔ ɔman no mu.
Yei nti, ɔmaa wɔtoo aba yii Hilla Limann sɛ ɔmampanin.
Berɛ a Hilla Limann bɛdii adeɛ no, Rawlings bɔɔ no kɔkɔ sɛ ɔnhwɛ yie pa ara na wanni ɔman no sɛdeɛ ɔpɛ na mmom, ɔnni ɔman no so sɛdeɛ ɔmanfoɔ no pɛ. Ɔka kyerɛɛ no sɛ, nnipa a wɔwɔ Ghana baabiara rehwɛ no, wɔn a wɔwɔ aban mu, wɔn a wɔwɔ nkuraa ase, wɔn a wɔwɔ sukuu ahodoɔ mu, ne wɔn a wɔwɔ nnwumakuo nyinaa mu. Yei nti, na ɛsɛ sɛ ɔmampanin no ma nsakraeɛ a ɔmanfoɔ no rehwɛ anim no da adi wɔ ne tumidie no mu na ama ɔmanfoɔ no ani agye.
Berɛ a Rawlings hunuu sɛ afei deɛ ɔne AFRC no aboa ama Ghana amanyɔsɛm afa ne ntoma pa afura, na wɔaboa ama nnipa a wɔdi nneɛma anim wɔ ɔman no mu nyinaa ahwɛ wɔn suban ne wɔn nneyɛɛ yie no, ɔne n’asraafoɔ no sann wɔn akyi kɔɔ wɔn atenaeɛ.
Wɔkɔɔ wɔn atenaeɛ akyi no, wɔkɔɔ so ara de wɔn ani dii amammuo no akyi. Yei nti, berɛ a ɛbɛdaa adi sɛ Hilla Limann mfa tumi no nni dwuma sɛdeɛ ɛsɛ no, wɔsan bɔɔ ne ho pɔ. Ɔpɛnima 31, 1981 mu no, Rawlings ne n’asraafoɔ no tuu Hilla Limann adeɛ so na wɔbɛgyee tumidie no. Ɛno akyi no, wɔtee ekuo bi a na wɔfrɛ no Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC), a ɛkyerɛ Berɛ tiawa mu Ɔman Bammɔ Badwa.
Rawlings san kaa nsɛm a ɔkaa no 1979 mu no bio sɛ, “Yɛpɛ sɛ ɔmanfoɔ no nyinaa, akuafoɔ, asraafoɔ, apolisifoɔ, adwumayɛfoɔ, kyerɛ sɛ obiara a ɔyɛ Ghanani, sɛ ɔyɛ ohiani anaa osikani, tumi de ne ho hyɛ ɔman no gyinaeɛsie nyinaa mu.” Yei nti, ɔtee badwa bi a na ɛbɛboa ama wɔatumi de ka-bi-ma-menka-bi adi dwuma wɔ ɔman yi mu.
Deɛ ɛbɛboa ama saa atirimpɔ ti atumi abam no nti, wɔtetee Nkurɔfoɔ Bammɔ Boayikuo Ahodoɔ wɔ ɔman no mu. Akuo yinom dwumadie nyinaa ne sɛ, na wɔbɛsi aban no anan mu wɔ nkuro ahodoɔ mu, na wɔaboa ama mpuntudwuma akɔ so wɔ mmeaeɛ a wɔwɔ no. Wɔsan boa maa ɔmanfoɔ no nyaa kwan ne ɔman no mu akannifoɔ no dii nkitaho berɛ biara. Ɛno ne berɛ a ɛdi kan na ɔmanfoɔ no anya saa hokwan yi wɔ ɔman no mu.
Nneɛma mu bɛyɛɛ den maa Rawlings tumidie no wɔ afe 1982 mu. Saa berɛ no, sika ne aduane nyinaa ho bɛyɛɛna wɔ ɔman no mu. Nanso, ɛsiane sɛ na Rawlings dwene kɔ akyiri nti, ɛmaa nsɛm bi a ɔkaa no 1979 mu berɛ a na wɔredi n’asɛm no ho bɛhiaeɛ. Ɔkaa sɛ, “Menyɛ obi a ɔwɔ sikasɛm ho nimdeɛ pii, na menyɛ obi a ɔwɔ mmara ho nimdeɛ pii, nanso meyɛ obi a metumi de yafunupan yɛ adwuma berɛ a meredwene baabi a aduane a mɛdi bɛfiri aba ne berɛ a ɛbɛba no ho.”
Yei nti, ɔde n’ani kyerɛɛ IMF ne Wiase Nyinaa Sikakorabea Baatan no hɔ kɔgyee bosea de bɛsosɔɔ nneɛma ano. Berɛ a boseabɔ yi baa mu no, asraafoɔ binom tee wɔn ho firii Rawlings ho kaa sɛ wɔne no renyɛ adwuma bio. Nanso, ɛsiane bosea yi nti, Ghana sikasɛm a na ɛgyina 5.3% wɔ 1983 mu no huri kɔɔ 14.4% wɔ 1986 mu. Akyiri yi, ɛsiane asraafoɔ a wɔtee wɔn ho no nti, basabasayɛ binom kɔɔ so ɔman no mu a na ani yɛ nyan. Wɔkum Atɛmmuafoɔ mmiɛnsa binom ne Ɔsraani panin bi a wɔakɔ ahomegyeɛ mu wɔ Ayɛwohomumɔ 1982 mu. Berɛ a wɔde asraafoɔ a wɔkumm nnipa yinom kɔgyinaa asɛnnibea no, wɔkaa sɛ ɛyɛ ɔman no na ɛmaa wɔn kwan sɛ wɔnyɛ saa. Yei maa ɔmanfoɔ no bɔɔ hu yie.
Yei nti, na obiara suro sɛ ɔbɛka ɔman no mu akannifoɔ no dwumadie a ɛmfata biara ho asɛm. Yei nyinaa mu no, nnipa dodoɔ no ara foaa Rawlings dwumadie nyinaa so. Nhwehwɛmu bi a Richard Jeffries yɛɛ no 1992 daa no adi sɛ, ɛwom sɛ na Ghanafoɔ binom ne no nyɛ adwene wɔ ne nneyɛɛ binom ho deɛ, nanso na wɔn mu dodoɔ no ara nim sɛ deɛ Rawlings reyɛ biara yɛ ɔman no yiedie nti.
Yei daa adi wɔ afe 1992 abatoɔ no mu berɛ a Rawlings dii amanyɔkuo a na wɔate no foforɔ, National Democratic Congress (NDC) anim no. Wɔtoo aba no wieeɛ no, ɔnyaa mma no mu 58.4% bɛyɛɛ ɔmampanin a ɔdi kan a wɔde ka-bi-ma-menka-bi ɔman mmara too aba yii no wɔ ɔman yi mu. Ɛno akyi berɛ a wɔsan kɔtoo aba mfeɛ nnan akyi wɔ 1996 mu no, ɔmanfoɔ sane too aba maa Rawlings bio sɛ Ɔmampanin a ɔdi kan a ɔmanfoɔ no ara ato aba ama no atena adwa no so mprenu wɔ Ghana abakɔsɛm mu.
Mfeɛ 2000 mu mpo a Rawlings dii ɔman yi so mfeɛ nwɔtwe a ɔgyae mu maa Ɔmampanin Atta Mills maa ɔne Ɔmampanin John Agyekum Kufour kɔperee aba no, ɛwom sɛ Ghanafoɔ too maa Ɔmampanin Kufour saa afe no mu deɛ, nanso ɛno maa Ɔmampanin Rawlings bɛyɛɛ ɔmampanin a ɔdi kan wɔ Ghana abakɔsɛm mu a wɔamfa asraafoɔ annye ne tumidie amfiri ne nsam.
Yei da no adi pa ara sɛ, ɔmanfoɔ no ne asraafoɔ no nyinaa penee Ɔmampanin Jerry John Rawlings tumidie so kɔsii sɛ ɔde ne dwumadie nyinaa baa awieeɛ wɔ mmarakwan so.
